There are many variables to be considered when insecticides have to be tested: active ingredient, formulation, application, target, climatic parameters. The chosen protocol is basic.
Wasps and hornets sprays and foams
Wasps and hornets can be collected in the field and the test performed in lab; according to product and claim, it can be conducted in field as well.
Choice test
The term “choice test” applied to a liquid insecticide indicates a procedure where insects have the possibility of avoiding contact with the treated surface. This test simulates real conditions better, highlighting the possible irritation effect of the insecticide.
Forced contact test
This is a basic protocol which provides information about efficacy in terms of knock down, mortality and residuality when the insect target is forced to stay in contact with the treated surface. The variables are climatic conditions, kind of surface (porous, non- porous), time of contact and strain.
Ambient insecticide tests
These are tests on insecticides applied in a confined space in indoor conditions. Typical ambient insecticides are candles, mats, emanators, sprays and smokers. These products are tested in a large room (20-30 m3) or in a Peet-Grady chamber on insects free in the room or confined in cages or containers. Special rooms and CCTV equipment record knock downs every minute without the necessity of entering the room. All climatic parameters (light intensity, photoperiod, light quality, humidity, temperature) can be controlled.
Baits
Baits are normally used to fight ants and cockroaches. A bait can be tested to assess insecticidal action (no choice test), palatability (choice test with evaluation of feeding rate on different sources of food) or capacity to kill the population (choice test with record of knock down and mortality). This test can be conducted in a screening mode in small or large arenas to simulate real conditions.
